Wrench.



No. 640,643. Patented Jan. 2, I900. J. J. FAHRNEY.

' WRENCH.

(Application filed Oct. 2, 1899.)

' amount oz fifin 1.2 4% 272 (NO Model.)

witnesses ivi. W

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. FAIIRNEY, OF TIMBERVILLE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR OF ON E-HALF TOARTHUR B. LOHR, OF NEW MARKET, VIRGINIA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 640,643, dated January2, 1900.

Application filed October 2, 1899.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J. FAHRNEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Timberville, in the county of Rockingham and State ofVirginia, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches; and the primary object of theinvention is to provide an article in the nature of a combined nut andpipe wrench, being equally eificient under both uses. 7

Another object of the invention is to so mount and connect the slidingjaw and handle of the wrench as to enable the sliding jaw to' beautomatically reciprocated when the handle of the wrench is vibrated inuse upon a nut, pipe, or other object, whereby the hold of the jaw isreleased and afresh grip obtained without attention on the part of theoperator.

, Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in thecourse of the ensuing description.

The invention consists in a wrench embodying certain novel features anddetails of construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter fullydescribed, illustrated in the drawings, and incorporated in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a Wrenchconstructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section through the same. Fig. 3 is a detail longitudinalsection showing the rocker-bearing between the shank of the wrench andthe handle stem. Fig. 4 is a detail cross-section through the wrench,taken on the line X X of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a detail elevation showingthe wrench-jaws in end view.

Similar numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the shank or stock of anordinary monkey-wrench equipped at one end with the usual rigid jaw 2,and also provided with a sliding jaw 3 of the ordinary pattern. Thewrench also comprises a handle 4:, secured upon a handle-stem 5 by meansof a nut 6 and collar or ferrule 7. At the inner end of the handle 4 isa head 8, between which and the sliding jaw 3 is interposed the usualadjusting-screw 9, which is operated by means of a knurled or milled en-$erial No. 732,372. (No model.)

largement 10, the said screw being employed to adjust the sliding jawlongitudinally of the shank 1.

In carrying out the present invention the end of the shank 1 isbifurcated or slotted, as shown at 11 in Fig. 2 and also in thecrosssectional view of Fig. 4:, to form'parallel ears. The handle-stem 5is reduced at its inner end to form an ear 12, which is received betweenthe ears formed by the slot 11 of the shank, and in reducing the stem toform said ear curved shoulders 18 are provided at opposite sides of theear 12, which form rocker-bearing surfaces, the said surfaces coming incontact with the edges 14 of the shank 1 on opposite sides of the slot11. The ear 12 is also provided with a slot 15, which extendstransversely of the wrench, and passing through said slot is a pin 16,connected at its ends to the bifurcated portions of the shank 1. The ear12 is also provided at one side and preferably at the back of the shankwith a longitudinal projection 17, forming a stop-shoulder, which isadapted to come in contact with the rear surface of the shank 1 forlimiting the rocking movement of the handle 4.

The head 8 is provided at one side with a lateral extension orfulcrum-step 18, hollowed out to form a spherical socket 19, in which isreceived a ball 20, formed on the inner or lower extremity of the adjusting-screw. 9. This fulcrum-step forms the support for theadjusting-screw 9, which in turn supports the sliding jaw. At the sametime the shank and handle-stem of the wrench are pivotally connected,the fulcrum of said parts being at one side of the fulcrum between thehead and the adjusting-screw. Therefore as the handle 1 is rocked withrelation to the shank 1 the fulcrum-step 18 has a slight swingingmovement, and by reason of this engagement between the ball 20 andsocket 19 the adj usting-screw 9, together with the sliding jaw 3, ismoved longitudinally of the shank 1, which of course has the effect ofalternately increasing and diminishing the distance between the fixedand movable jaws of the wrench, thus providing for releasing andrenewing the grip of the jaws upon a nut, pipe, or other article. Itwill be observed also that this is accomplished by the ordinaryvibration of the wrench-handle and requires no atclined floor or base26.

tention on the part of the operator. The head 8 is preferably dividedcentrally on the line 21 and the two parts connected to the handle bymeans of a screw or other fastener 22, and also by an auxiliary pin 23,if necessary, the said pin passing through the divided portions of thefulcrum-step.

The fixed jaw is provided with a grip-block 24, set into a recesstherein and provided with the usual gripping-teeth. The sliding jaw 3 isprovided in its working face with a longitudinal recess 25, which is ofdovetail shape in cross-section and which also has an in- The deepestportion of the recess is toward the outer end of the jaw 3, and therecess opens out at the outer end of the jaw. The outer end of therecess is, however, closed by means of a stop-block 27, as shown in Fig.2 of the drawings, which block is held in place by means of escrow orother suitable fastener 28. Within the recess 25 is placed a grip-block29, having the usual gripping-teeth on its active side and having aninclined inner side which corresponds to the tapering of the floor ofthe recess. The block 29 is of dovetail shape in cross-sectioncorresponding to the shape of the recess in which it fits, and saidblock is made somewhat shorter than the recess in order to leave atjoneend aspace 30, by means of which the grip-block is adapted to slidelengthwise of the working face of the movable jaw for the purpose ofalternately increasing and diminishing the distance between theworking-or gripping faces of the two jaws. The sliding action of thegripping-block is automatic, being edected by the pipe or other objectwith which the gripping-block comes in contact as the handle of thewrench is vibrated. The sliding action of the gripping-block 29, takenin connection with the reciprocation of the sliding jaw, ef fected bythe rocking or vibration of the wrench-handle, gives considerablelatitude to the relative movement between the gripping-surface of thetwo jaws of the wrench, thus admirably adapting the wrench for use uponpipes and various other objects not provided with the usual flat orwrench-engaging surface.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that I have provided awrench which is adapted to be used both as a nut and pipe wrench, andwhen used as a pipe-wrench the pipe will be automatically gripped and released upon the simple vibration of the wrench-handle without requiringany additional attention on the part of the operator. Not only is thesliding jaw reciprocated automatically in a direction lengthwise of theshank for effecting the gripping and ungripping action, but in additionto such movement the distance between the fixed and movable jaws isautomatically increased and diminished by the sliding movement of thegrip-block which is carried by the movable jaw. This gives an amplitudeof movement which will insure the proper gripping of the pipe or otherarticle between the jaws. The parts of the wrench may be readilydisasseciated by removing the screw or fastener and the pin 23. Thisenables the parts to be cleaned and adjusted should it become necessary.H

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, andmany advantages of the herein-described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art without further description, and it will beunderstood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion, andminor details of construction may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and desired to besecured by Letters Patent, is-

1. A wrench comprising a shank having a fixed jaw, a handle, overlappingears on the shank and handle, one having a transverselyelongated slotand the other a pin passing through and working in the slot, a movablejaw on the shank, a fulcrum-step on the handie, and an adjusting-screwinterposed between said step and the movable jaw, substantially as setforth.

2. In a combined nut and pipe wrench, the combination with a shankhaving a fixed jaw at one end and provided at its opposite end with anopen slot, of a sliding jaw mounted on said shank, a handle having ajointed connection with said shank, an car on said han- A dle fitting inthe end slot of the shank and provided itself with a transverse slot, apin connected with the slotted end of the shank and passing through saidslotted car, a stopshoulder on the ear cooperating with the shank, afulcrum-step on the handle provided with a spherical socket, and anadjustingscrew connected with the sliding jaw and having a terminal ballfitted in the spherical socket of the fulcrum-step, substantially asdescribed.

3. A combined nut and pipe wrench comprising a shank having a fixed jawat one end and a terminal slot at its other end, a sliding jaw on saidshank, a handle, a handle-stem, provided with a slotted ear slidinglyfitted in the terminal slot of the shank, and held by a pin connectedwith the shank and passing through the slot in the ear, rocker-surfaceson the handle'stem engaging the shank, a f ulcrum-step on the handle,and an adjustingscrew connected with the sliding jaw, and having aball-and-sooket connection with the fulcrum-step, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN J. FAHRNEY.

Witnesses:

J. W. GRIM, M. MINNICK.

